Phytochemistry, Allelopathy And Anticancer Potentiality of Melaleuca alternifolia (Maiden and Betche) Cheel and Psidium guajava L. (Myrtaceae)

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Botany and microbiology departments Faculty of science, Damanhour University, Damanhour

Abstract

Melaleuca alternifolia leaves ethanolic extract exert highest detection (++) of tannins, steroids, flavonoids and alkaloids. Psidium guajava ethanolic extract achieved strong detection (+++) of phenolics and flavonoids, while aqueous extract revealed high detection (++) of flavonoids.

In petri dish experiment P. guajava leaves aqueous extract exert great inhibition effect on growth parameters of Rumex dentatus, Solanum lycopersicum (geaara 023) and Solanum lycopersicum (tomato extracted seed) under (control, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5% and 5%) concentration levels compared to M. alternifolia leaves aqueous extract. Pot experiment prepared to determine vegetative seedling storage protein profiling that showed a great decrease in genome template stability GTS (%) of R. dentatus under the effect of P. guajava leaves aqueous extract, however GTS (%) of S. lycopersicum (geaara 023) exert a great increase compared to S. lycopersicum (extracted seed) as crops under the effect of M. alternifolia leaves aqueous extract. Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy of M. alternifolia and P. guajava revealed that M. alternifolia leaves has high concentration levels of Cl, Ca, Al and Cu elements, whereas P. guajava leaves exert high concentration levels of Si, S, Fe and K elements.

M. alternifolia ethanolic extract has a significant effect on lung (A549) and breast carcinoma (MCF7) cell lines with IC50 of about 31 and 98.9 μg/ml respectively. On the other hand, P. guajava ethanolic extract showed a significant effect on lung (A549) and prostate carcinoma (PC3) cell lines of about IC50 of 40 and 50.5 μg/ml respectively.

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