Performance and genetic parameters of yield and its components of half-sib families in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

Attia, Mahrous; A., Abo-Elwafa; B., Bakheit R.; A., El-Shimy A.

doi:10.21608/jesj.2021.205305

Performance and genetic parameters of yield and its components of half-sib families in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

Document Type : High quality original papers

Authors

¹ Oil Crops Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute. Agricultural Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.

² Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.

10.21608/jesj.2021.205305

Abstract

Forty-six testcrosses sunflower produced in 2010 season from two testers, (A₃ and A₂₁). Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) and 23 S₁ lines at Shandaweel Agri. Res. Station. In 2011 season, the experiment included 46 top-crosses, two testers (B₃ and B₂₁) and Giza₁₀₂. The Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications was used. Data were recorded on days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, stalk diameter, head diameter, 100-achene weight, achene yield/plant, achene yield/plot and oil content. The results show highly significant differences among half-sibs for all the studied traits. These results indicate the presence of diversity among half-sib families. Heterosis of the best 10 H.S families in oil content relative to the grand mean ranged from 4.53 to 13.65% but the heterosis ranged from 2.37 to 11.04% relative to the base pop. were Nos. 3, 8, 17, 24, 28, 30, 34, 36, 38 and 46. The results indicated that the respective S1 lines would have good g.c.a for oil content and were selected as parents to produce the first cycle of recurrent selection for the H.S pop. Broad sense heritability (H) for half-sib families were high for all studied traits except for days to 50% flowering, it was moderate. Phenotypic coefficients of variability for various traits were relatively higher than genotypic coefficient of variability for H.S families because the phenotypic variance included the effect of environment. Oil content was negative and insignificant correlated with days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, head diameter and 100-achene weight, but was positive, poor and insignificant with achene yield. Achene yield/plot was positively and highly significant correlated with achene yield/plant, 100-achene weight and head diameter.

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